Beş farkli yumurtaci saf tavuk hattinda genetik çeşitliliğin, populasyon yapisinin ve koruma önceliklerinin mikrosatellit markerler i̇le değerlendirilmesi

ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DİVERSITY, POPULATION STRUCTURE AND CONSERVATION PRIORITIES OF FİVE DİFFERENT WHITE PURE LAYER LİNE BY MICROSATELLITE MARKERS The first stage both in breeding and programmes for the conservation of genetic resources in livestock are the identification of genetic diversity in the population. In Turkey, studies on breeding material production in the poultry sector are carried out only by Ankara Poultry Research Institute. Six brown layer pure chicken lines [(Rhode Island Red-(RIRI and RIRII); Barred Rock – (BARI and BARII); Colombian Rock-(COL) and Line 54-(L-54)] and five white layer pure chicken lines [Black, Brown, Blue, D-229 and Maroon] are reared under the institute. The determination and conservation of genetic diversity in these pure lines is very important in terms of sustainable production and country poultry sector. In this study was evaluated genetic diversity, population structure and conservation priorities among five white layer pure chicken lines [n=150 with Black (n=30), Maroon (n=30), D-229 (n=30), Brown (n=30), Blue (n=30)] by using 19 microsatellite loci. In this study where all loci are polymorphic, mean number of alleles per locus (Na) ranged from 3.947 (Blue) and 4.842 (D-229), effective number of alleles (Ne) 3.023 (Blue) and 3.732 (D-229). The highest (0.515) and lowest (0.411) mean observed heterozygosities values were calculated D-229 and Blue lines, respectively. The inbreeding coefficient (FIS) value was detected Blue, Brown, D-229, Black and Maroon lines as 0.355, 0.331, 0.276, 0.260, 0.386, respectively. In analyzes to decide priorities for conservation, it was understood that made the most contribution to total genetic diversity was D229 (1.334) line. Genetic differentiation coefficient (pairwise FST) values ranged from 0.069 (Brown and D-229) to 0.195 (Blue and Black) among th chicken lines used as research material. According to results of Analyses of Molecular Variance (AMOVA), 13.1 % of the total genetic variation is due to differences between populations. Based on Nei's genetic distance basis UPGMA dendogram and FCA analysis, two clusters were detected. First cluster consisted of Blue, Brown ve D-229 lines, second cluster consist of Black ve Maroon populations. Three different clusters were detected according to the results of the Structure analysis. There are Blue in the first cluster, Brown and D-229 in the second cluster, and Black and Maroon lines in the last cluster. The results obtained from the study pointed intermediate levels of polymorphism and high levels of inbreeding in studied pure chicken lines. In these populations, it is suggested to reduce inbreeding level for conservation studies and to protect the genetic variation in D-229 line. Key Words: Genetic Diversity, Conservation Priorities, Microsatellite, Population Structure, Pure Chicken Lines