Application of PSO, DE and ABC optimization algorithms to bessel, butterworth and chebyshev active filter models for parameter estimation

Filters, used in telecommunication systems, radio, television, data communication and many other areas of daily life, have taken place among the most important devices in electrical and electronics systems. Filters make filtration process and filter according to frequency. These filters, inherently, are the circuits used in order to give form to the frequency spectrum of electrical signals. The circuits, generated with readily available passive R, L, C circuit elements, can be performed with active circuit elements such as opamps, transistors and etc. and the other R, C or all three ones. If there are undesired attempts to the desired signals, the undesired frequencies should be stopped. This breaking action is not able to be performed completely, but very close values to ideal can be achieved. There are various filter types such as low-pass, high-pass, band-pass and band-stop according to the difference between the actual transfer function and mathematical operations. Cutoff frequency, quality factor and pass-band gain are the important filter parameters. Quality factor that determines the sharpness of the filter characteristic is inversely proportional to the poly frequency. Television and radio broadcasts are carried out by modulating the video and audio signals and broadcasting with the use of transmitter antennas. The television and radio broadcasts in several frequencies reach to the receiver antennas simultaneously. Filters have the most important role in selecting the desired broadcast and suppressing the noise and other undesired broadcast on the receiver side. Likewise, the uses of filters are available in several areas such as seismology, geophysics, medical electronics, measurement of brain and heart signals and remote measurement process. Transfer characteristics of the filters, called active or passive according the used circuit elements, are considered to be the most important performance parameters. Optimal choice of the circuit element values used in the filter construction is of great importance to obtain the desired transfer characteristic. In this thesis, tenth-order low-pass Bessel, Butterworth and Chebyshev filters, that use multi-feedback topology and cascade connected five second-order low-pass filters, are optimized with ABC, DE and PSO optimization algorithms. The results of the transfer characteristics of the tenth order filter obtained by this study are in full agreement with the desired results. Keywords: ABC, Active filter, Artificial bee colony algorithm, DE, Differential evolution algorithm, Filter, Operational amplifier, Particle swarm optimization algorithm, PSO.