Natural risk analysis of railways and dams in the Murat River Valley between Bingöl Plain and Muş Plain

In this study, it is aimed to carry out risk analyses of railways and dams in the Murat River valley between Bingöl Plain and Muş Plain. The area between Bingöl Plain and Muş Plain corresponds to a threshold area in the north of the Southeast Taurus. This threshold is located to the east of the site in the form of an ellipse and covers an area of approximately 1500 km2, and to the west is the Bingöl Plain, which covers an average area of 500 km2, which develops along the Eastern Anatolian Fault Zone. Both plains are joined by the strait opened by the Murat River. It is a strait of Antesedant formation buried about 500-750 m of Murat River between Bingöl Plain and Muş Plain. The railway line connecting the east of Turkey to the west follows the Murat valley. This line is also important in international transportation. In recent years, the old line has been flooded with dams built in the Murat Strait and a new displacement line has been built. With the construction of upper Kaleköy and Lower Kaleköy dams, the risk of mass movements in the bosphorus began to increase. From these dams, Lower Kaleköy Dam was built in a passive landslide area. During the construction of the dam and the new displaced railway, passive landslides have become active due to excavation, blasting, enthusiasm, heel purchase and similar works. As a result of this landslide, the tunnels built became unusable and the costs increased. The new railway has been more affected by mass movements due to its mandatory higher rise. There have been numerous landslides in this process. The construction of the dam and displacement line and the risks arising in the Murat Valley were analyzed. In this context, the geological and geomorphological characteristics of the Murat Valley and its surroundings were examined and field studies were carried out. In the field studies, mass movements, especially landslides, are mapped. Earthquake and mass movements analyses were carried out to determine the natural risks on railways and dams. According to the results of the analysis, it was seen that the dam and railway were built in high risk areas and some measures were taken during the construction phase. However, due to the geological and geomorphological characteristics of the Murat valley, the risks remain.