Determination of the optimum cutting parameters in milling a tractor component in different environments using the critic-vikor method

Chip removal processes are among the most widely used production methods in the industrial field. Optimization of cutting parameters impacts process efficiency and product quality. As one of the sustainable methods, the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) process is an environmentally friendly approach and reduces the amount of oil used to very low rates. In this study, the machinability of AISI 1040 steel and a tractor steering arm forged from this steel was investigated in the milling process in dry and MQL environments. Milling operations were carried out in 36 conditions using three different feeds and cutting speeds of 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 mm/tooth and 150, 200 and 250 m/min. A cutting depth of 1 mm was kept constant in all conditions, and pure and natural peanut oil was used as the cutting fluid. The surface roughness, vibration, sound, temperature and power measurements were made during the milling process. At the end of the study, it was determined that the machinability obtained in the MQL environment was better than in the dry environment. In addition, the criteria weights for surface roughness, vibration, noise, temperature and power were calculated as 0.3636, 0.1478, 0.2377, 0.1329 and 0.1178, respectively, using the CRITIC method. Then, multi-response optimization was applied using the VIKOR method. The best machinability values were obtained in the 28th experimental condition, which is forging material, in the MQL environment at 0.1 mm/tooth feed and 150 m/min cutting speed.