The effects of ethical approaches and institutional values on organizational citizenship behaviors and task performance: A study on the bank employees in Adana

Ethics is one of the most discussed study areas for the last fifty years. Such that work and ethics, which had been considered as their oxymoron, have unified in time and became a sub-discipline in the management and organization field. On the other hand, for organizations that are operating in a competitive and uncertain environment, performance-based efforts are of top priority. Due to the determining role of ethics on individuals, organizations and even industries, its relationship with performance has stolen the spotlight. Do ethical approaches have an impact on performance? Or is ethics an obstacle to performance? Or else, basically, is there a significant relationship between the mentioned constructs? These questions are at the core of the study. Studies that had been considered on individual and organizational level point out different results for the effect size and direction of the ethical approaches on performance. Besides preliminary researches on the relationship between ethics and performance revealed that institutional values and ethics have been predictive factors of organizational citizenship behaviors. As a result, the aim of this study is to address not only the antecedent roles of ethics and institutional values on organizational citizenship behaviors and performance, but also the effect of organizational citizenship behaviors on performance. For that purpose, a research model has designed to understand the relations among the constructs and tested. Data gathered by survey method from 456 bank employees in Adana is used for model analysis. Explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling have been applied. According to the results of this study, ethics position has been considered as an important variable. Because ethics position that has two sub-dimensions in its original form, showed three sub-dimensions in this research. This result has been supported with similar findings, discussions and the effect of culture on ethical approaches. Due to the acceptable goodness fit of the structural model, the relationships among the constructs in the model are discussed. Thus, idealism and relativism as the sub-dimensions of ethical approaches, have been found to be the determinants of courtesy, conscientiousness, sportsmanship, civic virtue and contribution, which are the sub-dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior. Also, institutional values are effective on all dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover, it is revealed that veracity has not been a significant determinant of organizational citizenship behavior and performance. The last finding is that as the sub-dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior, conscientiousness and contribution have a positive effect on performance whereas courtesy, sportsmanship and civic virtue are not significant predictors of performance. Key Words: Ethical Approaches, Institutional Values, Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, Task Performance, Bank Employees