Comparing the gestational diabetes screen and diagnostic tests in first and second trimesters

The purpose of screening for gestational diabetes in the early stage of pregnancy is to protect the mother and fetus against various complications which can occur due to the diabetes mellitus if proper glycemic control is not ensured. Conducting the 50 g DM screening test, 75 g and 100 g OGTT, which are normally carried out in the 2nd trimester of the pregnancy (between 24th -28th weeks), in an earlier period of pregnancy which is 1st trimester (between 8th-12th weeks) and its possible contributions on DM detection have been discussed. 64 pregnant women have been included in this study. In pregnant women who are in the 8th- 12td weeks of pregnancy, positive findings over 140 mg/dl have been found in 6 people (9.4%) as a result of glucose measurements with 50 g glucose test aiming for screening of gestational diabetes mellitust. Sensitivity for positive identifiability in 8th-12th weeks compared to screening 24th -28th weeks (6 positivity against 8) has been found to be 75%. Determining in which trimester applying 50 g diabetes screening test proves to be more positive, we have detected statistically significant (p<0.05) more screening positive patients in the screening done in 24th-28th weeks compared to the scanning done in 8th-12th weeks. As a result of 75 g OGTT administered in 8-12th weeks, 1 case was diagnosed as gestational DM in 8-12th weeks, and 2 cases were diagnosed as gestational DM in the test conducted in 24th -28th weeks. In other words, if the standard 75 g OGTT period, which is second trimester (24th -28th weeks of pregnancy), is displaced with the first trimester (8th-12th weeks of pregnancy), then 1 more patient (33.3 %) can be diagnosed as gestational DM. With 100 g OGTT which was administered in a similar way and schedule, 1 case was diagnosed as gestational DM in 8th-12th weeks, and 2 cases were diagnosed as gestational DM in the test conducted in 24th -28th . Namely, in 100 g OGTT, 1 more patient can be diagnosed as gestational DM in 1st trimester which is an earlier period, if in 24th-28th weeks, which is the standard period, is displaced with in 8th-12th weeks , which similarly happened in 75 g OGTT. When we make a research about in which trimester 75 g and 100 OGTT help us to diagnose more gestational DM, the one which is administered in 24th-28th weeks proved to be statistically significant in diagnosing gestational DM compared to the other one in 8th-12th weeks. In this study, 75 g and 100 g OGTT tests which are normally performed in between 24th-28th weeks proved to be statistically superior to the other one performed in 8th-12th weeks. It controversial that which one of the OGTTs administered to the pregnant women who were positive after the screening test so that gestational DM could be diagnosed is superior to the other. In our research, 75 and 100 g OGTT were found equally efficient. Until new tests and prognoses are determined in order to diagnose gestational DM before the 24th-28th weeks of pregnancy, screening and diagnosis tests, if needed, must be administered to all pregnant women within these weeks. However, more comprehensive research is needed.