The effect of growth regulators and saccarose doses on androgenic embryo formation in some pepper genotypes

Anther culture is an important technique for obtaining haploid lines in pepper breeding.Although the use of anther culture in pepper is common, embryo and haploid plant formation depends on many factors such as genotype, nutrient medium, stress applications and plant growth regulators.In this study, the effect of genotype, sucrose doses and plant growth regulators on embryo formation was investigated. İnce sivri (B4), Kapya (B16), Dolma (B90), Üçburun(B85) and Çarliston(B54) pepper genotypes were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium.Four different sucrose doses (3%, 6%, 9%, 12%), 3 different kinetin doses (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L) and 3 different 2,4-D doses (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L) were used. The highest embryo formation was obtained from nutrient medium containing 6% sucrose + 1.0 mg/L Kinetin +1.0 mg/L 2,4-D with 42 anther and 108 embryos. Genotypes were ranked as Üç Burun, Kapya, Çarliston, Dolma, İnce Sivri according to embryo production. The highest embryo formation was obtained from 6% succrose application. When the success rate was examined according to genotypes, the highest results were obtained with 991 embryos in the genotype of Üçburun, second with 488 embryos and Kapya, Çarliston 447, Dolma 391, and 350 embryos from İnce Sivri genotype. As a result, satisfactory results were obtained for embryo formation.However, androgenic success showed significant differences depending on genotypes, sucrose and plant growth regulator added to nutrient media.As a result, while the highest embryo formation obtained from different pepper genotypes, the embryo formation was changed according to succrose doses and plant growth regulators.