Bitkisel ve mikrobiyal kökenli preparatlarin kültür mantari [Agaricus bisporus (Lange) imbach]'nda yaş kabarcik (Mycogone perniciosa) ve kuru kabarcik (Verticillium fungicola) hastalik etmenlerine etkilerinin in vivo ve in vitro koşullarinda değerlendirilmesi

In this study, the usage of disease control products alternative to fungicides were investigated against the wet bubble (Mycogone perniciosa) and the dry bubble (Verticillium fungicola) diseases of common button mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Recently, the diseases has been causing serious losses in mushroom production in the mushroom growing areas of the Antalya-Korkuteli district which has a significant place in mushroom production in the country. For this purpose, the effectiveness of plant extracts Neemazal and Origanum spp., and microbial agents Bacillius subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum were tested against the wet bubble and dry bubble diseases of mushroom under in vitro and in vivo conditions. In this study, 1.00, 1.50 ve 2.00 ml/L doses were used to determine the effectiveness of plant extracts and microbial materials aganist the two important diseases of mushroom under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. According to the results from the study; when taking all applications and doses into consideration, it was concluded that plant extract Neemazal was found to be the most effective material aganist the wet bubble disease M. perniciosaunder in vivo conditions.The most effective dose of Neemazal was determined to be 1.50 ml/L. Among microbial materials, Bacillius subtilis was found to be the most effective one against the disease. This material was also effective at 1.50 ml/L doses. Neemazal was also the most effective plant extract material against the dry bubble disease V. fungicola. The dose of 2.00 ml/L was the most effective against the disease. Among microbial materials, T. harzianum was determined to be the most effective material at 1.50 ml/L doses against the wet bubble. In the study, plant extracts and microbial materials were also tested aganist the wet and dry bubble diseases of button mushroom under in vitro conditions. All the plant extracts and microbial materials tested were determined to be effective aganist both wet bubble and dry bubble causal agents at the concentration of 1.00, 1.50 ve 2.00 ml/L. The results of this study clearly indicated that both plant extracts and microbial materials were as effective as commonly used fungicide Prochloraz Manganese in mushroom production to control wet and dry bubble diseases. The study shows that these materials can be effectively used to control these disease and have potential to replace the fungicides in the future.