The role of biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of HIV (+) individuals

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases the life expectancy by affecting the viral load and immune system cells in individuals infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). In this study, PD-1 (Programmed death-1), IFN gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin 17 (IL-17), with CD4 and viral load changes after ART in newly diagnosed HIV (+) patients Soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD-14) is aimed to investigate the molecular levels. In our study, 30 consecutive HIV patients who were admitted to Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic, who did not have any other chronic disease, were diagnosed with this study for the first time and were included in this study. In all patients before and after treatment (1st and 3rd months); quantitative HIV RNA levels and CD4 (+) and CD8 (+) T cell levels were determined. The biomarkers to be evaluated in our study were determined by using flow cytometry of PD-1 levels expressed from CD4 (+) and CD8 (+) T cells, and serum IP-10, IL-17 and sCD-14 levels were determined using ELISA method. A positive, moderate correlation and statistically significant relationship (n = 80, rs = 0.49614, p <0.001) was found between the PD-1 ratio expressed from CD4T cells and the viral load values. A positive, moderate correlation and statistically significant relationship (n = 80, rs = 0.50954, p <0.001) was found between the PD-1 ratio expressed from CD8T cells and the viral load values. It was found that IP-10, sCD-14 and IL-17 levels correlated with viral load during the treatment naive and on-treatment periods. As a result, PD-1 may be a marker of viral load; It has been concluded that it may be useful for monitoring viremia and changes in treatment response. IP-10, IL-17, sCD14 are also thought to be a marker of viral load and are useful for monitoring changes in viremia.