Bölgesel demiryolu yatırımının kentsel gelişme dinamikleri açısından değerlendirilmesi: İzmir, İzban örneği

With the technological developments, railway transportation has become an important part of urban transport. Besides increasing the accessibility in the city, the railway creates demographic, economic, and spatial effects. In planning, railways are used to increase or direct urban development. This study evaluates the railway investment as an exogenous effect on the city. Furthermore, this study examines the railway's as a complementary factor of the urban development trends. Urban development is analyzed with two main factors; population and employment. When the urban development in the city of Izmir between the years 2009 and 2019 is examined, it is observed that population and employment were decentralized from the metropolitan region to the north and south subregions which IZBAN serves; in addition, while sectors such as industry and agriculture are decentralized in sectoral employment in the metropolitan area, it is observed that the service sector is concentrated. Neighborhoods within the Izban impact area (IZBAN neighborhoods) and outside the IZBAN impact area (non-IZBAN neighborhoods) were compared based on population and employment changes. At the same time, the increase in employment in the metropolitan area was concentrated around the station, both population and employment change in the north and south sub-regions. There is a significant difference between IZBAN non-IZBAN neighborhoods. As the distance to the station decreased in the north and south subregions, employment increased, and employment intensified around the station. It has accelerated the suburbanization around the north and south sub-regions.