Comparative investigation of the foot biomechanic with the morphological, radiological, pathological and sole load distribution results in cattle in province of bursa: A randomized ex-vivo study

Comparative investigation of the foot biomechanic with morphological, radiological, pathological and sole load distribution results in cattle in province of Bursa: A randomized ex-vivo study In this study, it was aimed to compare the foot biomechanics of cattle in Bursa province with morphological, radiological, pathological and foot sole weight distribution findings. The material of the study was composed of 340 legs belonging to 85 cattle brought to slaughterhouses in Bursa province and its districts. District name and case numbers were given to the feet of 5 cattle randomly recruited from the districts and necessary markings were made. After mechanical cleaning of the feet, the presence of lesions on the skin of the foot and medial and lateral claws were examined clinically. Morphologically, claw angle, paries ungulae length, diagonal paries ungulae length, solea ungulae length and width, inner and outer claw heights, heel heights were measured. Radiologically, total number and percentage values of the findings were taken. For histopathological examination, samples were taken from the diseased feet, preparations were prepared and microscopic examinations were performed after hematoxylin and eosin staining. Foot sole weight distributions were determined using the footscan platform. Statistically, the "t-test" was used for in group evaluation of morphological and foot sole weight distribution findings and for pairwise group comparisons, "one-way analysis of variance" was used for more than two group comparisons, and "Tukey test" was used for multiple comparisons, and "Pearson Correlation" analysis was used for intergroup evaluations. In the clinical examinations, at least one-foot disease was detected in 84 cattle. While heel erosion was seen at a rate of 80%, other infectious, non-infectious and foot problems such as claw deformation were also detected. Radiologically, the most common finding was osteophyte and it was seen in phalanx proximalis (89,41%), processus extensorius (78.82%) and tuberculum flexorium (67.06%). In the morphological examination, a significant difference was found between the groups in the claw angle in the right front lateral claw, the inner edge height in the right front lateral-medial and left hind lateral claw, and the outer edge height in the right front medial, right hind medial, left hind lateral and left hind medial claws. There were negative correlations of claw angle within the group. In the intergroup evaluation of the foot sole weight distribution, there was a significant difference in the right front lateral, right front medial, left front lateral and right hind medial claws. A good degree of positive correlation was found between the within-group foot sole weight distribution and the parameter of diagonal length in Osmangazi district. In conclusion, it was observed that foot sole weight distribution gave significant results in evaluating foot biomechanics in cattle. Therefore, it was reported that biomechanical examination with morphological, radiological and histopathological findings would provide more detailed findings in cattle feet. Key Words: Cattle, foot biomechanic, morphology, pathology, radiology, sole load distrubition.