Use of pinus, walnut, soybeen ashes as a glaze raw material in 1200 C

ABSTRACT Water, clay and fire combined to form the surprising structure ceramics. All through the evolution of mankind did ceramics survive and so will it being in a continuous renovation in both industrial and artistical areas employing human mind and creative power. Man could give clay a shape first, and learned how to fire it and then discovered the glaze. Ash glazes discovered casually in kilns using wood were the first ones known in history and after this wonderful finding wood ash has always been employed purposely in ceramic glazes. Ashes are chemical mixtures. When proper recipes employed in proper clay bodies attractive color effects of pleasing texture reveal. Ashes started being used in glazes especially developing through high temperatures. For a glaze of special quality which cannot be produced in any other way can be obtained. When added in small quantities, ashes can not produce an ostensible effect, whereas in large quantities different colors and textures can be obtained. Ashes are produced from fruit stones, almond and walnut shells or saw dust. In short, they can be obtained from any combustible material turning into ash. Ash glazes are of great significance to metarials to be reeycled. Their being ubiquitous existance and production facilities make them popular and increase their chances of utility. In this study, ashes and ash glazes, historical evolution of the ash, its structural properties and the ways to prepare ash glazes were studied and considering the techniques of some artists of this area the practical utility of the ashes of soyabean and walnut shells as raw materials in ceramic glazes was investigated. With the ashes being mixed with various raw materials in different proportions, investigations were carried out in red clay with a total shrinkage of 9.75%, water absorption of 7.13% and mean dry resistance of 90.15 kg/cm2 and schamotte with total shrinkage of 7.5%, water absortion of 7.71% and mean dry resistance 43.03 kg/cm2 and casting clay with total shringkage of 11.1%, water absorption (0), mean dry resistance of 3 1. 1 1 kg/cm2.