Annealing of the glass and defects through the annealing process

Although there are many sources related to glass techniques, there is not much information about the first time and how the annealing process is done. In the past, the process of annealing is not known. For this reason, it is thought that there are tensions left in the glass as the reason why the works did not reach to the present day. With the development of glass techniques, the annealing process has started to be applied. In the past annealing is performed in the chamber at the top of the hot glass furnace. Later, with the increase of the works produced, the chamber on the side of the furnace is used for annealing process. With the developing industry, annealing furnaces were designed to be separate from the melting furnace and started to be used in this way. In this thesis, Ornella and Glasma 705 glasses which are generally used by glass artists for glass kiln casting in our country are studied. In the kiln casting technique, in the last stage of the kiln diagram, the annealing process was carried out by holding the kiln at a suitable temperature for enough time where the internal stresses of the glass could be removed then cooled slowly. The annealing temperatures of the glasses were determined by the literature research and experimentally. In addition, the planned model was kiln casted in different thicknesses and annealing of them were performed at different time periods. In order to see whether the annealing temperatures and durations in these experiments were sufficient or not, they were examined by polariscope. As a result of these experiments, the optimum annealing temperatures and durations were determined depending on the thickness of the glasses. This thesis has been prepared considering that will be an important resource for minimizing the stress in the glass works of artists' working on glass and artistic production.