Investigation of the solubilities and anti-cancer activities of various chemotherapy agents in different temperatures and solvents

Cancer is one of the diseases that threaten human life and cause death worldwide. According to 2020 data, approximately 19 million cancer cases and approximately 10 million deaths were detected worldwide. Among these cancer cases, breast cancer and ovarian cancer are among the most common and life threatening cancer types in women. Although various treatment modalities are applied after surgical intervention in cancer treatment, chemotherapy forms the basis of these treatments. Docetaxel is a clinically well estab lished anti mitotic chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of different types of cancer, including breast, ovarian and non small cell lung cancer. Lapatinib is an antineoplastic agent and tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of advanced or meta static HER positive breast cancer in patients who have received prior chemotherapeutic therapy. Additionally, palladium (II) complexes, which are a new hope for cancer treatment, have anticancer activities. These complexes have lower side effects than othe r chemotherapeutic agents frequently used in chemotherapy. Low solubility is a fundamental problem in the formulation and development of new chemical compounds as well as in their generic development. One of the most important problems encountered in chemo therapy is drug solubility . The main goal of this study is to increase the anticancer activities of various chemotherapy agents by increasing their solubility by using different temperatures and solvents. In this thesis study, docetaxel, lapatinib and Pd(II) complexes (Comp A and C omp B) were used using the shake flask method; It was prepared using various concentrations of DMSO, PEG200 and PEG400, and temperatures of 25 o C, 30 o C and 35 o C. With this method, first the amounts of solvent and drug to be used were measured and mixed. Then, the prepared solutions were incubated in the shaker at the required temperature for 24 hours. After incubation, the supernatant was removed by centrifugati on and various concentrations were prepared. The prepared drug solutions were also used in MTT experiments. Statistical analysis was performed and its effect on cell viability was examined. According to the results , the drugs and compounds used showed different cytotoxic effects in a dose, solvent and temperature dependent . In general, it was observed that the viability of breast and ovarian cancer cell lines decreased depending on the solubility rate. In conclusion, in the light of the preliminary data we obtained, we demonstrated that the solubility levels of these agents may be important in terms of treatment in the development and effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs.