The contribution of geographically indicated products to the Turkish economy: The Aegean Region example

Geographical indications are intellectual property rights that protect products specific to a specific geographic region, reflecting its natural, human, or cultural characteristics. In the face of increasing standardization under the influence of globalization, protecting, marketing, and enhancing the economic value of local products is becoming increasingly important. Geographical indications are systems that provide legal protection for products of unique quality and reputation, stemming from the natural, cultural, and human characteristics of the place of production. This system protects both producer rights and ensures the delivery of reliable products to consumers. This thesis aims to examine the economic contributions of geographically indicated products in Turkey, specifically in the Aegean Region. The study first examines geographical indications using conceptual and economic data, then analyzes the production volume, price structure, export potential, and contribution of products in the Aegean Region to regional development. In this context, indicators such as employment, exports, tourism, contribution to GDP, rural development, women's entrepreneurship, reduction of rural migration, protection of cultural heritage, and environmental sustainability are considered. The data is presented with case studies, tables, and graphs. The study concludes that geographically indicated products are not merely a marketing tool or a symbol of traditional values, but also a dynamic component of local economic development. In this context, it is concluded that the use of geographical indications in conjunction with effective control, branding, and marketing strategies will both increase producer incomes and contribute to the reduction of regional inequalities. However, some weaknesses of the system have also been identified. The most notable among these are a lack of oversight, low producer awareness, limited marketing capacity, and a small number of international registrations. Addressing these shortcomings is crucial for increasing the sustainability and impact of the geographical indication system. Ultimately, this thesis demonstrates that geographically indicated products are not only economic but also cultural and social development tools, emphasizing the crucial importance of strategically supporting these products for the future of the Turkish economy.