Design-aided method seeking and preventive approaches on preservation of multi-layered cities: Implementation on the Ancient Foça

After humankind adopted a settled life, some regions have become prominent for permanent settlement due to their advantages such as geography, natural resources and geological structure. It is a continual phenomenon throughout history that humankind changes and converts the environment where it lives in. For this reason, regions selected as permanent settlements have undergone change and taken form by societies which have lived on them. Each historical process has reflected its own social, economic and cultural relation pattern to cities and has left traces. This network of relations that varied and transformed in time have sometimes engaged in each other and sometimes been refused, destroyed and reconstructed. However, in any case, cumulating memory and relations network created multi-layered cities. The history of the settlement of The Ancient Foça, chosen as an example among multi-layered cities when considered both its wealth of history and comprehensibleness of layers and variety of conservation classes of natural, cultural entities, dates back Bronze Age. The city, that brings each of traces of twelve developing historical layers to present day, strives to accord to modern city life. In this regard, in order to provide harmonically coexistence of both over ground unique urban pattern and underground archaeological wealth (the ancient city Phokaia), the proposals to take measures and to determinate of the main approaches are presented. With developing proposals, both past and present day regarding preservation of multi-layered cities are addressed entirely. Methods for conveying consciousness of preservation and culture to society is researched and general framework regarding preservation of multi-layered cities located in different geography is evaluated.