Comparison of photovoltaic (PV) panel usage in different climates

ABSTRACT: In this thesis, PV panel usages will be analyzed in variable climates. By the way, during the research several case studies selected from both hot and cold climates will be observed, researched and calculated in order to find the best design principles for PV panel designs. So, comparative design method is selected to compare cold climate PV panel designs with hot climate PV panel designs. According to the findings, before designing the PV panel to the roof or facade or to the site, it is the most important to know the latitude of the place. The reason is to find the correct optimum tilt angle. According to the investigations, tilt angle that is known as inclined angle of the photovoltaic (PV) panel, is changeable due to the location of place, climatic conditions and the solar radiation. In Cyprus, tilt angle is 20° in summer and 50° in winter. On the other hand, if the panels designed fixed in North Cyprus, optimum tilt angle will be taken between 28° and 30°. Secondly, optimum tilt angle of England is 65° in winter and 35° in summer periods. By the way, due to variable tilt angles during a year, sun trackers can be given as a suggestion. On the other hand, orientation of the PV panel is the second important aspect to consider. This is because; PV panels should be oriented to south direction in Northern Hemisphere and to the north direction if the location is in Southern Hemisphere. Solar radiation should be considered to know the countries solar radiation amount to select the correct PV panel type and size. At the same time, electricity usage of the building should be calculated in order to find panel numbers to install. Keywords: PV Panels, Climates, Tilt Angle, Orientation, Sun-Tracker. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………