Development of anther culture technique in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) plant

Objective: The purpose of this research; The aim of this study is to investigate the haploid plant production potential in black cumin using anther culture technique. In addition, it is aimed to contribute to the development of nutrient media protocols to be used in anther culture studies of black cumin and to obtain 100% homozygous plants in future plant breeding studies. Material and Methods: In this thesis study, Çameli black seed variety, which is the only registered variety of our country, and 4 different black seed populations obtained from producers in Denizli, Isparta, Samsun and Ankara provinces were used as plant material. During the plant flowering period, buds containing late unicellular microspores were collected and MS nutrient medium and a total of 10 different nutrient mediums (control, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg.l-1 BAP, 0 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg.l-1 IAA, 1.0/1.0, 0.1/2.0 and 2.0/0.5 mg.l-1 BAP/IAA) were used . Within the scope of the research, anther culture studies were carried out on 5 petri dishes and 20 anthers in each petri dish for each population and medium. A total of 500 anthers were cultured in each medium. For each population, a total of 1000 anther culture studies were carried out. Results: The overall callus success rate; 1.6% in the medium containing 0.5 mg.l-1 IAA, 0.6% and 0.5 mg.l in the medium containing 1.0 mg.l-1 BAP + 1.0 mg.l-1 IAA It was determined that it was 0.4% in the nutrient medium containing -1 BAP. At the population level, the highest success rate was obtained from the Ankara population with 1.0%, followed by the Denizli population with 0.2% and the Isparta population with 0.1%. It has been determined that the overall success rate of the populations and mediums that are the subject of the research is 0.26%. Conclusion: When a general evaluation is made in the light of the data obtained; Although plant regeneration could not be achieved, callus formation was achieved, albeit at low rates. Keywords: Anther culture, Black cumin, Callus, Haploid, Nigella sativa.