Determination of poisonous weed species in animal grazing lands and the contamination rate of these species's seeds in wheat yield in Çukurova Region

In general, there are studies on the distribution and density of weed species in different crops, but there is not enough research on the systematic and chemical properties of the species that are toxic to them. On the other hand, since it is possible for the seeds of poisonous weed species to contaminate with the seeds of different crop seeds, there are problems both in terms of human health and during the export of the seeds of these products abroad. For this reason, with this study; in order to determine the poisonous weed species in Çukurova Region, poisonous weed survey was carried out in 2021 and 2022 on the roads and field margins where animals were grazed. In the poisonous weed survey carried out in Adana, Mersin, Osmaniye and Hatay provinces, 58 poisonous weed species belonging to a total of 26 plant families were identified. When the survey results are analyzed, we can say that Bermuda Grass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] in both years is the most common species in the Çukurova Region. Also in this study; 21 poisonous weed species belonging to 13 plant families were identified, which were mixed into 85 wheat products collected from producers in the Çukurova Region in 2019 and 2021. Yellow Sweetclover [Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall.] which is the most common of the most poisonous weed species with a mixing ratio of 7.99% into the wheat product, and also of the poisonous weed species with the highest number of seeds according to the frequency. Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) was determined with a rate of 52.94%.