Researchs on the effect of different winter crops in suitable rotation systems on some agronomic characters and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L. ) under the irrigated condition in Çukurova region

ABSTRACT PhD THESIS RESEARCHES ON THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WINTER CROPS IN SUITABLE ROTATION SYSTEMS ON SOME AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS AND GRAIN YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) UNDER THE IRRIGATED CONDITION IN ÇUKUROVA REGION. İLKER İNAL DEPARTMENT OF FIELD CROPS INSTITUTE OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF ÇUKUROVA Supervisor: Prof. Dr. TURAN SA?LAMTİMUR Year: 2002 Pages: 97 Jury: Prof. Dr. TURAN SA?LAMTİMUR Prof. Dr. Hasan GÜLCAN Prof. Dr. VEYİS TANSI Doç. Dr. MUSTAFA KIZILŞİMŞEK Yard.Doç. Dr. Abdulhabip ÖZEL This study has been carried out to determine the effects of some preceding crops on some agronomical characters and yields of maize in alternative crop rotation systems in Çukurova, in which (Jrifolium alexandrirmm L.), faba bean (Vicia fata L.), vetch+oat mixtures (Vicia sativa L.+Avena sativa L.), some vegetables such as spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and lettuce (Lactuca serriola L.) have been seeded as preceding crops. Before mazie (Zea mays L.) seeding, forage crops were chopped and ploughed into soil at flowering time as green manure, while the vegetables were harvested and main roots and plant resudues were ploughed into soil. Maize grain yield ranged from 1050.97-1341.79 kg/da with the highest grain yields from Spinach-Maize (1341.79 kg/da) and Berseem clover (Fodder crops)- Maize (1330.61 kg/da) systems respectively in 1999. Maize grain yield ranged from 1149.49-1335.43 kg/da while the highest grain yields were obtained from Spinach- Maize (1335.43 kg/da) and Faba bean (Green manure)-Maize (1323.11 kg/da) systems respectively in 2000. When considering maize grain yield per unit nitrogen, green manure or green forages systems determined to be more profitable than monoculture maize. It was determined that obtained maize grain yields of per unit nitrogen especially grown after legumes was significantly higher than that of monoculture system. It can be conducted the green manuring or green fodder before maize cropping can save nitrogen contain of soil. Key Words: Green Manure, Green Fodder, Maize Grain Yield, Legumes, Spinach, Lettuce, V