The effect of new genetic risk factors on myocardial infarction at young age patients in çukurova region, The Southern part of Turkey

Aim: Genetic predisposition and thrombogenic factors play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis in young patients. Previous studies have shown that thrombogenic factors may be considerable for risk assessment of coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between myocardial infarction and HLA antigens and some thrombogenic factors such as homosysteine and lipoprotein(a) , Factor V Leiden, Prothrombine 20210G, MTHFR 677-1298 mutations in young patients who had myocardial infarction in southern region of Turkey.Material and Methods: We enrolled 50 patients ( 36 male, 14 female, mean age 45,0 ? 7.1 ) who had myocardial infarction before 45 years old in men and 55 years old in women and 50 healthy subjects (31 male, 19 female, mean age 51,5 ? 5.5 ) as a control group to the study. Venous blood samples were collected for HLA tissue typing and determining trombogenic factors. Histocompatibility antigens (HLA-A,B,C, -DQ -DR) were studied with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Sequance Spesific Oligonucleotide typing (SSO) method. All polymorphisms were determined by LightCycler device using RealTime PCR technique.Results: Gender and hyperlipidemia and thrombogenic gene polymorphisms were similar between the two groups. In patients group, the frequency of smoking, family history, homosysteine and lipoprotein(a) levels were significantly higher than the control group (p=0,0001, p=0,005, p=0,0001 and p=0.024, respectively). Frequency of HLA antigens in patients and controls were 38 % and 10 % for HLA-A24, 40 % and 10 % for HLA-DQB2, 26 % and 6 % for HLA- DRB1-7 and 52 % and 26 % for HLA-DRB4-1, respectively. There was a significant relationship between myocardial infarction and the presence of these antigens (p=0,002, p=0,001, p=0,0012 and p=0,013, respectively).Conclusion: It is concluded that high levels of homosysteine and lipoprotein(a) are the important thrombogenic risk factors and presence of HLA-A24, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1-7 and HLA-DRB4-1 (4) may be used as genetic markers for the tendency to myocardial infarction at young age in Çukurova Region, the southern part of Turkey.