A study on yield and yield components of some 2 and 6 row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties in Çukurova conditions

This study was conducted during the 2022–2023 growing season at the experimental field of Çukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, following a randomized complete block design with four replications. The experiment involved a total of 16 barley cultivars, including eight six-row cultivars (Altıkat, Ay, Bayrak, Egebeyi, Finola, Güldeste, Kendal, Placidia) and eight two-row cultivars (Alastro, Burakbey, Explorer, Gte Ahat, Harman, Manava, Samyeli, Sentosa). The aim of the study was to evaluate several agronomic traits, including plant number per square meter, number of stems per square meter, number of spikes per square meter, number of stems per plant, number of spikes per plant, heading time, heading-to-maturity duration, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand grain weight, hectoliter weight, protein content, starch ratio, and grain yield. According to the results, among the six-row barley cultivars, the highest grain yields were recorded from Bayrak (679.2 kg/da) and Finola (625.0 kg/da), whereas among the two-row cultivars, Gte Ahat (628.3 kg/da) and Explorer (579.0 kg/da) showed the highest performance. When average grain yields were compared, six-row cultivars yielded 571.7 kg/da on average, while two-row cultivars yielded 530.7 kg/da, indicating that six-row cultivars had a relatively higher yield potential under the agroecological conditions of Çukurova. Keywords: Barley, Six-row barley, Two-row barley, Variety, Yield