The Capital Delhi and its surroundings during the Delhi Turkish Sultanate period

The city of Delhi, which is at the heart of the Indian geography and serves as a bridge between the lands of Asia and China, has been an important settlement in every period of history. The arrival of the Turks in Delhi and its environs is based on the arrival of the Yüeçhis from the Asian steppes before Christ. Sakas, Kushans, Parthians and Akhuns followed them in the following periods. But these communities could not establish a permanent state in India. The first regular raids were the 17 expeditions made by Mahmud, the ruler of the Ghaznavid State, to India. The foundations of the Delhi Turkish Sultanate were laid when Muizzeddin Muhammed, the ruler of the Gurlu State, who put an end to the Ghaznavid State, commissioned Aybek to establish dominance in and around Delhi. Despite being a gulam, Aybek's rise to the rank of ruler and his declaration of independence in Delhi and its surroundings in 1206 was a turning point in the history of India. The concept of sovereignty in Delhi is dynastic. During the establishment period, Muizzi and Şemsi Kings, Balaban and Kalaç Dynasties during the rise and Tuğluk Dynasty during the collapse period continued to dominate. Between the years 1206-1414 in and around Delhi, the Turks were in constant struggle with the Mongols. The understanding of the invasion of the Mongols caused great damage to Delhi in every aspect. The Sultans took it upon themselves to keep the Mongols away from Delhi, either through bloody struggles or through agreements. However, Timur's expedition to Delhi caused great destruction here and the Delhi Turkish Sultanate entered a period of disintegration. In addition to leaving indelible traces with the architectural works they built in and around Delhi, the Turks also made Delhi the most developed metropolitan city of the period in terms of approaching people from all walks of life with tolerance, embracing those fleeing the Mongol invasion and initiating scientific studies.