The investigation of possible effects of fig (ficus carica) seed oil on experimental animal model colitis that induceb by TNBS

With its rich bioactive content, Ficus carica fruit has traditionally been used for medical and nutritional benefits for a long time, and fig seed oil is a rich source of antioxidants and tocopherols. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible protective and therapeutic effects of fig seed oil obtained from dried fig seeds by cold pressing on TNBS-induced experimental colitis model. Sixty Wistar Albino rats were divided into six groups (n = 10) (Sham, TNBS, LFC3, LFC6, SFC3, SFC6). Colitis was generated using TNBS dissolved in 37% ethanol, fig seed oil treatment was applied for a total of 15 days for long periods and 3 days for short-term treatment groups. Fig (Ficus carica) seed oil was adminstrated as 6 ml/kg for high dose and 3 ml/kg for low dose treatment groups via intragastric oral gavage. According to microscopic damage scores, there was significant differences between non treated colitis rats and groups treated with fig seed oil. It was shown that treatment groups improved significantly compared to TNBS group. Histopathological scores of long-term treatment groups were found to be better than short-term groups. In terms of biochemical analysis (Myeloperoxidase, Malondialdehyde, Interleukin 1, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase), statistically significant improvements were observed in the treatment group rats compared to TNBS rats. Biochemical results are consistent with histological findings. Fig seed oil has positive effects on the process of inflammatory bowel disease treatment and therefore may be used as an additional treatment in colitis. These effects of fig seed oil may occur with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.