Remote access real-time wireless sensor network system for spatial monitoring and geostatistic analysis of sea water parameters

While clean water resources are decreasing day by day around the world, the need for clean water is increasing. Clean and safe water resources have vital importance for agriculture, industry, nature and life. Accessing to the clean water is becoming increasingly difficult due to reasons such as factory waste, pesticide use in agriculture, climate change, and increasing human population. Protecting water resources will provide prevent future clean water shortages. For this reason, it becomes important to monitor the water quality of all sources such as sea, river, lake and spring water. In the current situation, the water is transferred to the laboratory environment with the samples taken from the environment to be analyzed at certain times and the water quality is determined by making the necessary analyzes here. However, due to time losses and disruptions experienced in this method, as well as difficulties in accessing water at points that are difficult to access and even pose a danger to human life, analysis of the waters in these sources may not always be possible. In addition, changes in water parameters cannot be monitored except for the sampling dates, so it is difficult to make healthy inferences about the current changes. In the event of a negative change in water parameters, if the necessary precautions are not taken on time, the aquatic ecosystem may be damaged, and the aquatic life may be threatened. In this thesis, sensor nodes that can communicate remotely are designed and left on the sea surface to monitor seawater parameters. There are temperature and pH sensors on each node. In addition to these sensors, a location sensor is also used to obtain the location information of the node. Information from the nodes is sent first to the master node by using Zigbee technology and then it is sent to the server by GPRS technology. The data collected on the server is stored in a database as time, location and sensor data for geostatistical analysis. It provides simultaneous accessing of recorded data to users through a designed website. The data presented on the website can be converted to Excel file format, allowing easy integration with ArcGIS software. With this created file, areal distribution maps are created with IDW interpolation method, which is one of the geostatistical analysis methods in ArcGIS program; also changes of parameters are evaluated on the basis of minutes, hours and days. The same feature is integrated into the website independently of the ArcGIS software, and spatial distribution maps can be produced over the web with the IDW interpolation method.