Comparative examination of the effectiveness of lazers in the treatment of dentin sensitivity: a retrospective study

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is characterized by short, sharp pain triggered by various external stimuli, affecting the exposed cervical dentin of the teeth. This condition impairs the normal function of the teeth, causing significant discomfort during daily activities such as speaking, eating, drinking, and brushing. The etiology of DH is multifactorial, with factors such as attrition, abrasion, abfraction, and trauma leading to the exposure of dentin, thereby contributing to the development of DH. DH is a common clinical issue in dentistry, but there is no definitive gold standard for its treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to retrospectively compare the efficacy of two desensitizing agents (Gluma desensitizer and desensitizing toothpaste) and two types of lasers (Er:YAG and Nd:YAG) in the treatment of DH over a 6-month follow-up period. In our study, data from patients who visited our clinic for DH complaints between 14.12.2023 and 14.09.2024 and were treated using different methods were analyzed. Treatments included Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, Gluma desensitizer, and desensitizing toothpaste. The results showed that Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, and Gluma desensitizer were more effective than desensitizing toothpaste over the 6-month follow-up period. No significant difference was observed between the two types of lasers in DH treatment, with both types of lasers reducing DH symptoms. Gluma desensitizer was found to be more effective than desensitizing toothpaste and showed superior results in reducing DH symptoms when applied professionally. Desensitizing toothpaste, when used by the patient at home, was also effective in treating DH, offering a cost-effective solution that reduces the need for dental visits. In conclusion, laser treatments have been found to be promising, safe, practical, and effective options in the management of DH. However, further research is needed to better understand the exact mechanisms of action of lasers and their long-term clinical effects. The study highlights the need to address the lack of long-term clinical trials in the existing literature.