Development of a GIS-based approach for the risks sourced from natural hazards on the natural gas pipelines in Türkiye

The reliable operation of natural gas pipelines is of vital importance in meeting the energy demands of contemporary societies. However, the integrity of these pipelines is often compromised by geological hazards. This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis on the impacts of geohazards such as landslides, liquefactions, peak ground accelerations and surface ruptures on natural gas pipeline systems by investigating the incidents occurred during the devastating 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquakes (Mw 7.7 and Mw 7.6) that struck the south and southeastern regions of Türkiye. The assessments incorporated systematic field surveys and the analysis of aerial imagery captured shortly after the seismic events. Additionally, landslide susceptibility maps were produced utilizing state-of-the-art supervised machine learning techniques and utilized together with the liquefaction susceptibility maps to validate the locations of 21 pipeline incidents. The results of this thesis revealed the importance of geohazard susceptibility maps with high spatial and temporal resolution as a tool for proactive risk mitigation. These maps significantly contribute to the enhancement of the preparedness and safety standards for natural gas pipeline infrastructure. Identifying specific vulnerabilities and imminent threats allows stakeholders to design strategic interventions that protect vital energy corridors and the communities they support. The findings of this thesis research can also be essential in strengthening the resilience of natural gas pipeline infrastructure at a global level.