The effects of Di-N Butyl Phthalate on uterus endometrium and the possible protective effect of Resveratrol: Microscobic study

Resveratrol is a natural powerful antioxidant compound thatexists high amounts in a grape shell. With the many positive biologicaleffects on the organism it was reported that resveratrol also has someeffects on the uterine endometrial layer such as phytoestrogenic and anticancereffects. DBP is one of the endocrine disruptive chemicals andphthalic acid ester used as a plasticizer. It was suggested that DBPcaused damage on many organ and reproductive system. DBP has theeffects on the uterine endometrial layer such as; mimicking endogenousestrogen, reducing decidulization and increasing thickness of theendometrium. In our study it was aimed to determine the positive protectiveeffects of Resveratrol against the damage caused by an endocrinedisruptor di-n-butyl phthalate on uterine endometrial tissue with theimmunohistochemical methods. 20 day old, 36 female Wistar albino rats separated into sixgroup (n=6) that are control, 500 mg/kg/day DBP, 1000 mg/kg/day DBP,Solvent (Carboxymethylcellulose, 10 ml/kg), 500 mg/kg/day DBP+20mg/kg/day Resveratrol, 1000 mg/kg/day DBP+20 mg/kg/day Resveratrol.Applications were made by gavage for 30 days.Dense C-kit immunstaining was observed in apical cellmembrane, glandular epithelium, stroma and blood vessels in controlgroup. In 500 mg/kg/day DBP group, dense immunstaining was observedin surface and glandular epithelial cells. C-kit staining was intense insubepithelial stroma in 1000 mg/kg/day DBP group. Significant C-kitexpression in CMC group was observed in epithelium, glandularepithelium and subepithelial stroma however in 500 mg/kg/dayDBP+Resveratrol group decreased stromal staining and membranestaining at glandular epithelium were determined. In 1000 mg/kg/dayDBP+Resveratrol group moderate staining occured in glandularepithelium, stromal cells and muscle. ER-? immunstaining was moderate at surface and glandularepithelium but dense staining observed at some stromal cells andperimetrium in control group. In 500 mg/kg/day DBP group apical cellcytoplasm has strong reaction. In contrast dense staining was observedstromal cells of the functional layer in 1000 mg/kg/day DBP group. Strongimmunreaction was detected at glands and functional layer in CMC group.At 500 mg/kg/day DBP+Resveratrol and 1000 mg/kg/dayDBP+Resveratrol groups there was remarkbly similar immunstaining withcontrol group. TUNEL positive cells were determined normal in surface andglandular epithelium but dense appereance occured at stroma of thecontrol group. The positive cell number was increased at 500 mg/kg/dayDBP and 1000 mg/kg/day DBP groups. The highest number of TUNELpositive cells were determined at CMC group. 500 mg/kg/dayDBP+Resveratrol group TUNEL positive cells was found similar to thecontrol group. In 1000 mg/kg/day DBP+Resveratrol group TUNEL positivecells were higher than the 500 mg/kg/day DBP+Resveratrol group.In conclusion, while DBP has increasing damage effect withdose-dependent manner, there is a possibility that resveratrol could haveprotective effect against damage in uterine tissue. Although Resveratrolwas more effective in 500 mg/kg/day+Resveratrol group, it was insufficientin 1000 mg/kg/day DBP+Resveratrol group. It was determined thataccording to the state of damage using the Resveratrol in dose dependentmanner could enhance the positive effects.