Role of GST gene and OGG1 gene polymorphisms in etiology of diabetesmellitus disease

Diabetes is a chronic disease where pancreas cannot secrete adequate amount of insulin or body cannot utilize produced insulin adequately. Because free oxygen species plays an important role in etiology of diabetes and increase of oxydative DNA damage plays role in iduction of diabetes but GSTs are very important protective mechanism against oxydative stress and OGG1 gene has importance in DNA repair, relation of risk of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms and OGG1 gene polymorphisms in diabetes with obesity and hypertension in our study.When GSTM1 genotype frequencies of individuals in patients having diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and control groups were compared, it has been observed that GSTM1 null genotype frequency had 2-6 times statistically significant increase in patient group (OR: 3.841; 95%CI: 2.280-6.469, p<0.001) but there wasn?t any statistical significance between groups for frequencies of GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotypes. When diabetes risk of individuals with OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism was compared with individuals with wild genotype, statistically 2-3 times increase has been seen (OR: 1.858; 95%CI: 1.099-3.141, p<0.05).When diabetes risk was examined for gene-gene interactions; GSTM1 null and OGG1 variant genotype frequencies have shown statistically significant increase in patient group compared to control group, and diabetes risk has increased in individuals having these gene group. Similarly, it has been observed that diabetes risk increased in individuals carrying GSTM1 null+GSTT1 null+GSTP1 (H+M) (OR: 4.118; 95%CI: 1.327-12.778, p=0.009) and GSTM1 null+OGG1 (H+M) (OR: 3.322; 95%CI: 1.898-5.816, p<0.001) and GSTT1 null+OGG1 (H+M) (OR: 2.179; 95%CI: 1.083-4.386, p=0.027) compared to control. When patients with type 2 diabetic hypertension and obesity are compared with the control group, no significance relationship between GST gene an OGG1 gene polymorphisms have been observed.According to our study results, it has been seen that combined evaluation of especially GSTM1-GSTT1-GSTP1 and OGG1 gene polymorphisms can be used as candidate gene in etiology of diabetes, especially in development of diabetes.