Efficacy of intravitreal Bevacizumab injection at diabetic macular edema

Purpose: The efficacy of application of intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema ( DME ) investigated in this study; visual acuity ( VA ), intraocular pressure ( İOP ) and central foveal thickness ( CFT ) were examined.Materials and Methods: Thirty nine eyes of 35 patients who were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab ( Altuzan, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Switzerland ) for DME between December 2007 to December 2009 were included to the study at Dicle University Faculty of Medicine eye department. The mean age of patients was 56.42 ± 11:25 years. Prior to injection VA, İOP and CFT were examined. In fundus fluorescein angiography macular edema was detected and the CFT was at least 300 ? at OCT ( Optical Chorence Tomography ) measurement, macular edema detected in these cases and 1.25 mg / 0.1 ml bevacizumab was injected, after 1 month injection patients were observed for VA,İOP.Results: Before injection of ( Bİ ), visual acuity (VA), while the average was 0.216 ± 0.17 and 1 month after injection VA was 0294 ± 0.22 and showed a statistically significant increase (p <0.05). 28 patients who DME was ongoing afford 1 month after first injection second intravitreal bevacizumab injection was performed. 1 month after second injection VA was 0.285 ± 0.23 and when compared with first injection VA was not significantly different statistically (p> 0.05). 12 patients who DME was ongoing afford third intravitreal bevacizumab injection was performed. 1 month after third injection VA was 0.417 ± 0.31 2 and when compared with second VA showed a statistically significant increase (p <0.05). Mean CFT was 464.5 ± 115.35 ? before injection. 1 month after first injection CFT was 332.11 µ ± 127.60 a statistically significant decrease was observed (p <0.05). 28 patients who DME was ongoing afford 1 month after first injection second intravitreal bevacizumab injection was performed and 1 month after second injection CFT was 402.50 µ ± 124.00 when compared with first injection there were no statistically significant decrease (p> 0.05). 12 patients who DME was ongoing afford third intravitreal bevacizumab injection was performed and 1 month after third injection CFT was 370.0 µ ± 142.31 when compared with second injection there were no statistically significant decrease was observed (p> 0.05). After third injection CFT decreased but it was not meaningful. Before injection İOP was 13.11 ± 2.80 mmHg, after 1 month first injection İOP was 13.31 ± 3:22 mm Hg when compared with firs injection statistically significant differences were not found (p> 0.05) . After second injection İOP was 13.72 ± 3.04 mmHg, and when compared with first injection statistically significant differences were not found (p> 0.05).After third injection İOP was 14:27 ± 2.72 mmHg and when compared second injection the IOP was statistically significant difference was found (p <0.05). There were no serious complication after injections.Conclusion: Intravitreal bevacizumab injection in the treatment of DME due to DRP increased visual acuity and decreased foveal thickness was seen. Even if repeated injections will be needed.