Language teaching methods and techniques

In this study, the approaches, methods and techniques used in language teaching have been considered by taking into consideration English teaching and Turkish teaching. By comparing the methods and techniques used in teaching, their similarities and differences were revealed. Different methods and techniques used in English teaching but not used in Turkish teaching were adapted to Turkish teaching. Before starting the study, the methods and techniques used in language teaching were determined and compiled by reviewing Turkish and English programs, textbooks and other publications written on the subject. In the introduction part of the study, language teaching is handled in general and brief information is given about language teaching processes and previous studies. Approaches, methods and technical terms are defined respectively and their differences are described by considering the methods and techniques used in language teaching. In the next sections, methods and techniques used in teaching English and Turkish are discussed separately. In the study, it was seen that the techniques were different in language teaching rather than the method. The reason for this is thought to arise from the geography, place and time to which the language learning environment belongs. In addition to these factors, it has been observed that the most important factor is the rapidly expanding information technologies. For this reason, techniques based on technology are brought to the fore in the adaptation section. While adapting, the 5E Model which has not been tried much in language teaching has been used. The 5E Model is a model used mostly in science classes with constructivist education philosophy. Constructivist method consists of at least five stages: introduction, exploration, explanation, elaboration and evaluation. In a classroom using the constructivist method, student work focuses on daily activities. Teaching methods and techniques emphasize collaboration, communication and social skills. This is viii different from the traditional classroom in which students study alone, learning by repeating lessons. Constructivist teaching can also be used in online learning. Tools such as discussion forums, chats, wikis, and blogs can enable students to actively build information. Constructivist approach tends to verify individual and cultural differences and diversity, as existing information schemes are clearly considered as a starting point for new learning. For these reasons, it is thought that preparing the Turkish language teaching plans by adapting the model will bring different and new perspectives to language teaching. Since the most spoken and the most taught language in the world is English language, English teaching methods and techniques are based on in terms of comparison with Turkish. As English teaching is often a pioneer, the methods used here are also based on teaching other languages. However, due to the variety of factors that affect language teaching, it is understood that not all teaching methods can be appropriate in every language or every educational environment. For this reason, the methods and techniques used in English education but not in Turkish education are taught according to the 5E Model and adapted to Turkish education, which makes it possible to adapt the teaching environments. In this context, both teachers and learners benefit from the learning environment and effective learning is provided. In the last part of the study, sample lesson plans are given in the language of instruction using the 5E Model. While preparing sample plans, attention is paid to integrate technological developments into classroom learning environments.