Evaluation of serum lipid, selenium level and glutathione peroxidase activity in diabetic patients

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia with insulin resistance or absence of insulin. Complications that develop in diabetes mellitus may develop due to reasons such as insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, advanced glycation end products, and increased reactive oxygen species. Glutathione Peroxidase and the Selenium element, which is an integral part of this enzyme, have important functions to protect the organism from oxidative damage by free radicals. There are studies showing that there is a relationship between Glutathione Peroxidase activity and Selenium levels between complications developing in Diabetes Mellitus and dyslipidemia. Our aim in this study is to evaluate the relationship between serum lipid, Selenium level and Glutathione Peroxidase activity in diabetic patients and compare them with controls. In the study in which a total of 147 cases, including 73 Diabetes Mellitus patients and 74 healthy individuals, who applied to the Family Health Center; family history, smoking habits, height, weight, waist circumference, diastolic and systolic blood pressures were also recorded for both groups. Body mass index was measured. Blood was taken for biochemistry, hemogram, Selenium and Glutathione Peroxidase, and the blood samples were stored under appropriate conditions and studied simultaneously. Results were evaluated statistically. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender. Although the leukocyte, neutrophil and monocyte values in the patient group were within the average laboratory reference values, they were found to be significantly higher than the control group. Biochemical parameters and lipid profile in total cholesterol, low density cholesterol and triglyceride values were not significantly different in both groups. High density cholesterol was found to be significantly lower in the patient group. Glucose values were found to be significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group, and the average HbA1c value in the patient group was above the expected target. The smoking status of the patient group was considered statistically significant compared to the control group. Glutathione peroxidase and Selenium values were significantly lower in the patient group. There was no correlation between glutathione peroxidase and Selenium. As a result, a decrease in serum selenium and Glutathione Peroxidase activity was detected in patients with diabetes due to overuse due to increased oxidative stress. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Glutathione Peroxidase, Selenium, Lipoprotein