Natural hydroxyapatite powder production characterization and determination of antibacterial properties

One of the most important handicaps of human body is not to be available spare parts in the event of missing body parts because of accident, illness or senility. In this case, host organ or body part can recovery and replace with implant materials. Therefore, the result of interaction of the produced implants to body tissues have to be compatible and to exhibit adequate mechanical values for the choice to use in host body. Hydroxyapatite has been intensively studied and these works revealed that human bone structure contains 60 % hydroxyapatite. Fabrication of hydroxyapatite could be mainly divided into two methods; from chemical raw materials and from natural raw materials. In our country, animal raw material source is plentiful because of the improved animal breeding. Thus, the thermal extraction method was picked to produce hydroxyapatite powder. To summary the experimental process, hydroxyapatite powder was produced from bovine bone as a natural raw material by thermal methods, which is fairly inexpensive technique. The HAp powder extraction method involves crushing to small pieces, boiling up at 100°C for 3h on hot plate, burning up the remained organic materials, heat treating of the precursor in heat treatment furnace and grinding by planetary milling.. The powder was subjected to antibacterial tests to investigate bacterial activity. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to examine particle morphology of the fabricated HAp powder. EDS Elemental analyses of the HAp powder the resulting powder were carried out to determine elements in the product. The HAp powder was analysed using XRD, XRF, ICP for identifying its phase compositions. FTIR was used to reveal the presence of the structures. Densification behaviour of the sintered samples was investigated Archimedes technique.