Distribution of blood subgroups in donors and alloimmunization in multi-transfusion applications

Distribution of Blood Subgroups in Donors and Alloimmunization in Multi-Transfusion Applications INTRODUCTION: In this study, it was aimed to profile the blood subgroups of our region and to reveal the prevalence of auto / alloimmune sensitization in patients who had to undergo multiple erythrocyte transfusions and to establish the sensitization profile by screening major and minor subgroups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, the distribution of ABO and Rh system major subgroups was studied in 100 donor blood that came to Sakarya University Sakarya Training and Research Hospital (SEAH) Blood Bank. In addition, Rh system major subgroup and Kell (Kell 1), Lewis (Lea, Leb), Duffy in 50 patients with at least 3 and more erythrocyte (RBC) transfusions who applied to SEAH Oncology, Hematology and Pediatric Hematology-Oncology department. (Fya, Fyb), Kidd (Jka, Jkb), MNS (M, N, S, s) system minor subgroups Distribution was investigated by using micro-well test cards based on gel centrifugation (colon agglutination) method. In order to determine the prevalence of alloimmunization in the patient group, indirect antiglobulin test (IAT), was studied by gel centrifugation method. RESULTS: According to the ABO system, 35% of the donors were in O, 33% in A, 17% in AB and 15% in B; According to the Rh system, 75% is Dvı positive. Rh system is 99% e (Rh5) positive and 33% E (Rh3) positive in major subgroups and Kel 1 positivity is 8%. In the patient group, 22% D (-) was determined compared to Rh blood group. Among the major subgroups of Rh, C (Rh 2) 68%, E (Rh 3) 14%, c (Rh 4) 76% and e (Rh5) positivity was found to be 100%. The Kel 1 negativity rate is 96%. The highest negativity was found in 86% Lea antigen in Lewis system, in 36% S antigen in MNS system, 34% Fyb antigen in Duffy system and 24% Jka antigen in Kidd system. Rh system (E) 18%, Kell system (Kel 1) 2%, In the MNS system (S) 18%,Duffy system (Fya) 8% and in the Kidd system (Jkb), 22% double populations were seen and IAT was negative in all patients. xi CONCLUSION: IAT negativity in all patient groups suggests that we do not develop alloimmunization, but the high rates of double population suggest a high risk of alloimmunization. Keywords: Transfusion Medicine, Donor, RBC antigens, Safe blood, Alloimmunization.