Döviz piyasalarında ortak hareket dinamikleri ve küresel faktörler: Gelişen piyasalardan bulgular

Emerging markets are particularly different from developed markets as they possess vulnerability, easily disturbed by financial crises, and not completely liberalized. Some global shocks such as Covid-19 and 2018 global financial crisis easily affect the emerging markets in especially currency-based systems. Therefore, it is important to investigate the impacts of global factors on their currencies in the last few decades. The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the effects of global factors on emerging markets between the years of 2009-2021. The cluster was narrowed by PCA analysis and regression analysis was performed on the factors obtained as a result of the analysis. Then, the analysis was made to minimize the average loss that will occur due to restructuring with the factors included in the PCA analysis results and to compare the movements of the currencies of developing countries within themselves with the regression results. Empirical tests are implemented into three different time periods to understand the effects of global factors: • High Liquidity Market Regime (January 2009 – June 2013) • Monetary Tightening Market Regime (July 2013 – December 2019) • The Emerging Markets in Pandemic (January 2020 – August 2021) The findings show that the currencies of the developing countries are highly correlated with the Dollar Index, MSCI World Index and EURUSD parity, but also it is observed that they are correlated with the commodity markets in times of crisis. On the other hand, even the emerging markets countries do not diverge from each other much during the global financial crisis, it is analyzed that the currencies of the countries that have difficulties in their domestic monetary and fiscal policies such as Turkey and Argentina are decomposed from the emerging markets currencies in all periods regardless of the type of crises. Keywords: Emerging market, global factors, principal components analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reconstruction error.