World savings banking practices and model suggestion for Turkey

The savings banking model, which started to be established in Europe in the 19th century and spread to many countries of the world, was established in order to meet the financial needs of poor people and to evaluate the savings of small savings owners. The first savings bank in the modern sense was established in Scotland in 1810 by a priest named Henry Duncan. In the following years, savings banks spread all over the world, especially in Europe. The thesis study examines the savings banks, which are also accepted as the driving force of local development in the world, and offers an Islamic savings banking model proposal for Turkey. In the chapters of the thesis, the existing savings banking models in the world were examined. In addition, a survey study was conducted within the framework of the literature obtained by researching the establishment and principles of Mit Ghamr local savings bank, which was accepted as the first Islamic bank. In the survey study, it was tried to determine the opinions and suggestions of the participants about the existing Participation banking in Turkey and the savings banking to be established. As a result of the survey, it has been determined that the existing Participation bank customers have a positive approach to the savings bank to be established. Accordingly, the Islamic savings bank to be established in Turkey is expected to accelerate the Islamic banking sector. In the study, the banking history in Turkey was also examined, and local banks, which started to be established in the last periods of the Ottoman Empire and were common in the first years of the Republic, were examined. In order to measure the impact of the savings bank to be established on local development, panel data analysis was carried out in the light of historical data obtained from local banks. According to the empirical research results, a positive and significant relationship has been determined between the activity period of local banks and the development of the region. In the conclusion part of the study, all the data obtained are summarized and suggestions for the Islamic savings bank to be established in Turkey are included.