Self-efficacy scale for teaching e-stem of the a development and validation study

The aim of this study is to develop and validate a Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale for Teaching E-STEM. Quantitative research method and survey model were used in the study. First of all, a draft version consisting of 58 items was prepared in line with the literature review in the scale development process and the answers received from 20 secondary school teachers who specialized as a result of Basic and Advanced E-STEM training. The draft scale was administered to 250 mathematics, science, technology-design and informatics teachers working in Afyonkarahisar province and its districts in the 2023-2024 academic year. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted for the validity and reliability calculations of the scale. As a result of EFA analysis, 29 items were removed from the scale. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient for the remaining 29 items was calculated as 0.96. According to the EFA results, it was determined that the draft scale exhibited a structure consisting of four different factors and the total variance was calculated as 70.7%. In order to validate the scale, the scale was reapplied to 250 mathematics, science, technology-design and informatics teachers, different from the 250 teachers who were previously applied for EFA, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed. When the results of the CFA analysis conducted with the LISREL package program were examined, the χ2 /sd value was calculated. When the obtained data were analyzed, the χ2 /sd value was found to be 2.76 and the RMSEA value was found to be 0.08. It was seen that the values obtained were between the acceptable fit index of the scale. It can be said that the developed "Self-Efficacy Scale for Teaching E-STEM" is a valid and reliable scale and can be used to measure teachers' E-STEM teaching self-efficacy.