The effect of ambient temperature on the voltage generation of the photovoltaic panel and cooling systems

The electric solar panel produces electricity throughout the day. In fact, it transforms part of the solar radiations into electricity. Indeed, the photons which come with the solar radiations collide with the electrons which are in the photovoltaic cell and consequently electricity is produced. But this production of electricity by the photovoltaic solar panel depends on the operational temperature, in other words it is influenced by the ambient temperature T of the location. To illustrate this influence, a PV system is concepted in Matlab-Simulink. In some regions of Africa where temperature can reach up to 50 ℃, some customers complain about its influence, hence the objective of this article: the solar panel cooling systems which will make it possible to compensate the effect of temperature T on the production of electricity. Different cooling techniques is analyzed and described regarding the equipment and the working fluids used. In the last part of this work, to simplify users the cheapest and most efficient cooling methods is provided and commented.