Investigation of the risks of smoke affecting the users evacuated from the building in the event of fire in educational institutions

In this study, the behaviors of the students studying in a private school operating in Darıca district of Kocaeli province, in case of a possible fire, how to evacuate in the shortest and healthiest way according to the architectual structure of the building and the requirements to be followed in order to prevent crowding and confusionduring the evacuation. Rules, determination of the minimum evacuation time with the help of the simulatoin program were studied. All these studies, together with real time exercises, were carriedout using the evacuation simulation program and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) based fire simulation programs. It has been studied on primary and secondary in a private school. Artificial smoke was used in real time evacuation exercises in order to increase the realism and to see the smoke spread. In addition, the architectural drawing of the school and the data such as walking speed, running speed and height of the students were transferred to the fire simulation with evacuation simulation and fire simulation studies were carried out. With the fire simulation program, the progression of the smoke, its spreading area and its spreading time were seen and in the light of the data obtained from the evacuation times, agglomeration zones and smoke spread of the studentds with the evacuation simulation program, the exposure time of the students to the smoke and the carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and decreasing oxygen value on the student basis were determined. FED poisoning data is available. With this study, the data obtained from the simulation programs were compared with the data obtained through real time exercises and the accuracy percentage of the simulation programs was reached. In this way, it is possible to test it with simulation studies, since real time exercises cannot be performed in all conceivable scenarios.