Eklem kikirdak defektleri için 3-boyutlu baskilanan rekombinant kolajen ve kalsiyum fosfat çimentosu kikirdak doku iskeleleri

Osteochondral defects present a significant clinical challenge due to their complex nature involving both articular cartilage and underlying bone damage. To address this challenge, biphasic scaffolds have been developed to mimic the structures of both tissues, offering a potential solution for osteochondral reconstruction. However, the avascular and low-cell-density characteristics of articular cartilage hinder its natural healing, necessitating alternative methods for nutrient supply and waste removal. This limitation, coupled with the lack of chondrocytes in its extracellular matrix, underscores the need for innovative approaches. In this research, biphasic scaffolds were designed to mimic bone and cartilage tissues separately. The upper layer of the cartilage scaffold was composed of recombinant collagen, a precise and controllable material with a reduced risk of immunogenicity compared to animal-derived collagens, in conjunction with alginate. For bone engineering, the lower layer consisted of calcium phosphate cement (CPC), a biocompatible, osteoconductive, and bioactive material known for its ability to support both bone and cartilage tissue growth. For the cartilage component, sodium alginate and recombinant collagen scaffolds were designed and 3D printed. These calcium phosphate cement scaffolds and recombinant collagen/alginate scaffolds were then separately tested for their osteochondrogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential in vitro using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). Various aspects, including mechanical properties, cell viability, proliferation, morphology, and differentiation characteristics, were thoroughly investigated. The study findings suggest that the combination of biphasic calcium phosphate bone cement and recombinant collagen/alginate scaffolds holds great promise for repairing osteochondral defects. This approach provides mechanical support resembling subchondral bone while offering a chondrogenic scaffold for cartilage repair. This study contributes valuable insights into advanced regenerative strategies for addressing osteochondral defects, ultimately improving patient outcomes in clinical settings.