Investigation of the spinning reserve requirement in electrical power systems with reference to the economic perspective

The Spinning Reserve is one of the most important sources used by system operators in response to unforeseen events such as production discontinuities and sudden load changes. This resource is provided within the scope of the Ancillary Services. This service is basically provided by primer, secondary and tertiary frequency control. Supply reliability and power quality are ensured by frequency control with the control performed by the load and unload instructions given by the system operators. Supply reliability and power quality are ensured by frequency control with the control performed by the load and unload instructions given by the system operators. In order to ensure the continuity of these services, it is necessary to keep a certain amount of reserves at any time, except for the production capacities of the networks connected to the grid. By keeping the amount of these reserves to be used high, it is possible to protect the power system against interruptions in production caused by unforeseen circumstances, the possibility of applying the load shedding is reduced in this process, but in this case the reserve supply results in a very high cost. If the amount of reserves is kept low in order to reduce the cost, there will be an energy that can not be provided in the case of possible interruptions and failures, and the consumers may be left without electricity. There is a need for an economical analysis of these two situations in a balanced way. At the basis of this study, the necessity of reserving the methods used for providing frequency stability and increasing the quality of the power is emphasized. In this study, a calculation is made by taking into account the socio-economic parameters such as the amount of expected energy not served and the value of lost load when the reserve requirement is allocated. In the calculations taking into account the economic parameters, an economic analysis based on the utility cost is made for the power system as a result of the loading and unloading instructions. In addition, a comprehensive study of power quality is being conducted. In this study, after describing the power quality problems, definitions are made about the basic standards. A comprehensive analysis of power quality is made in power systems, including direct current systems, as well as renewable sources. Power quality monitoring techniques and probable solutions of power quality problems for power systems have been examined in detail. For micro-grid systems, methods of reducing these problems are analyzed using special power devices such as Distribution Static Compensator in Systems. The Static Compensator for renewable energy systems has become a potential alternative because of its various advantages, while the need for spinning reserve has resulted in an increase in the quality of power in traditional systems. Finally, in order to improve the power quality and supply reliability of the power systems, the opportunity cost of the reserve power realized during the planning is calculated by economic evaluation with the related parameters for the secondary control reserve function which is the balancing power market function. In addition, for the year 2016, an economic evaluation based on the time value of the money, the real exchange rates and the cleared circulating reserve requirements based on the market exchange rate with the marginal price of the system on an hourly basis is used as a parameter to determine the value of the Market Clearing Price which is more effective. At the same time, it was concluded that the Market Clearing Price is more effective than the other parameters in calculating the real change rate based on electricity consumption.