Electric vehicle market: Infrastructure, economic, andenvironmental impacts

Atılgan, ŞB., 2025 " Electric Vehicle Market: Infrastructure, Economic, and Environmental Impacts, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Institute of Graduate Studies, Department of Business Administration, Master's Thesis, Kayseri, 2025. Lithium-ion battery technology lies at the center of the ongoing transformation in the fields of energy storage and electric vehicles. With the increasing adoption of renewable energy sources and the growing demand for energy storage solutions, this technology has become one of the most strategic components of the global energy transition. As of 2024, the annual growth rate of the battery market is expected to reach approximately 20%. One of the key drivers of this growth is the rapid expansion of the electric vehicle market. In this study, the regression analyses revealed that the share of electric vehicle sales exhibits a multidimensional structure. The independent variables included in the models consist of the density of electric vehicle charging infrastructure (EV charging points), the stock share of electric vehicles (EV stock share percent), population size (Population), per capita income (GDP per capita), energy intensity (TES/GDP), and the carbon intensity of energy production (CO₂/TES). The findings indicate that these variables significantly explain the variations in electric vehicle sales shares. In particular, the expansion of charging infrastructure stands out as one of the most critical factors that increase both the sales and adoption of electric vehicles. Moreover, the reduction in energy intensity and the decline in the carbon intensity of energy production highlight the positive effects of environmental sustainability policies on EV market shares. Macroeconomic indicators such as population size and per capita income also emerge as important determinants shaping the market's growth potential. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that lithium-ion battery technology is influenced not only by technological advancements but also by infrastructural, environmental, and economic factors. Strengthening charging infrastructure, pursuing policies aimed at reducing carbon intensity, and increasing per capita income will collectively accelerate both electric vehicle adoption and the demand for battery technologies. From this perspective, the findings of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and industry stakeholders. Keywords: Electric Vehicles, Lithium-ion Battery Market, Charging Infrastructure, Carbon Intensity, Sustainable Mobility