Elektrikli araçlarda batarya termal yönetim sistemi analizi

With the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the widespread use of the concept of clean energy, electric vehicles are replacing vehicles with internal combustion engines. Research on electric vehicles also includes alternatives to internal combustion engines in terms of price and reliability. States have started to take concrete steps on clean energy by changing their energy policies. In this context, they are making plans to limit the use of internal combustion vehicles and to terminate them completely in the near future. There are problems that need to be overcome in order for electric vehicles to reach the desired level. These problems stand out as low range and high battery cost. The most important parameter affecting the range and preferability of electric vehicles is battery technology. It is an inevitable fact that organizations that launch cost-effective and long-lasting battery systems will be in a strong position to dominate the automotive industry of the future. One of the biggest concerns in battery systems developed for electric vehicles is heat management in batteries. In particular, the temperature in the cells of lithium-ion (li-ion) batteries allows a limited degree of variation (°C) within the entire battery pack. Overheating and uneven temperature distribution cause rapid cell failure and shortened battery cycle life. In addition, in these cases, as the temperature rises uncontrollably, catastrophic damage to the battery may cause fire and explosion. The solution of these problems is directly proportional to the developments in battery technologies. The range of electric vehicles is directly related to the battery capacities, and it is desirable for the batteries to have high power density, high energy density, fast charge-discharge and long life. For all these reasons, electric vehicle battery packs include comprehensive cooling systems to remove heat from the battery systems and maintain an even temperature throughout the battery pack/module/cell. Therefore, today's electric vehicle research and development studies focused on this issue. In this study, battery systems of electric vehicles are parametrically designed with 3D solid modeling program according to super ellipse geometry and thermal management of battery systems is realized. Heat management studies are done in ANSYS CFX. The effect of different determined parameters on the battery cell temperature is investigated. With MATLAB, D-Optimal experimental design is created with different parameters determined. Again, in MATLAB, a two-alternative optimization study is carried out as constraint function local optimization and genetic algorithm optimization. The obtained optimum values and the maximum temperature are reanalyzed and verified in CFX. As a result of the conducted analyzes and optimization, the effect of different parameters and geometries on thermal performance is investigated.