Measuring the moisture content of the material using electromagnetic waves

Today, moisture information is needed in many sectors such as food, health, and industry. Moisture control is necessary in terms of both human health and the protection of goods. Moisture measurement is needed in many application areas (air, wood, soil, grain). The working principles of the methods used in moisture measurement are explained. There is a relationship between moisture and the dielectric constant. Microwave measurement methods using determining moisture by dielectric measurement are classified. Microwave methods such as open-ended coaxial probe, free space, transmission line, reflection, resonance, and reflection in the time domain have been studied. Also, different material moisture measurement methods have been investigated. In this thesis, measurements have been made for the dry and different humidity conditions of the chipboard using the free space method at 2.4 GHz frequency and in the frequency range of 0.9 to 4 GHz using VNA. The dielectric constant change of the material has been calculated with the help of NRW algorithm in Matlab environment.