Population fluctuation and investigation of genetic variations in apple and walnut fruits of Lepidoptera species and the codling moth Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

In this study, the determination of Lepidoptera species obtained from percussion fruits collected from apple and walnut orchards in 35 different regions in 13 provinces and population monitoring of Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Adana, Niğde, Konya, and Mersin regions were carried out. In addition, PCR tests of the obtained C. pomonella populations were performed using the 654 bp COI region Lep F1 and Lep R1 primers. The obtained sequences were compared molecularly. A total of 210 adult individuals were obtained from the perforated fruits collected from different regions and taken into culture. Of these individuals, 96 were Cydia pomonella, 58 Apomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller, 1839), 38 Plodia interpunctella (Hübner, 1813), 11 Pyralis farinalis (Linnaeus, 1758), and 7 Euzophera pyriella (Yang) has been identified. As a result of this study, it was determined that C. pomonella gave 4 offspring in Niğde, 3 generations in Konya, and 2 generations in Adana in both years. Although the first emergence of the pest varies from region to region, it has been observed that it starts in April-May and continues until September-October. In the molecular analysis, 14 different haplotypes were detected, and in the dentogram, as a result of the comparison of haplotypes with the world populations, it was determined that a large part of our country's populations were in the same group with Canada and China.