Evaluation of lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using empagliflozin

Aim: Multiple treatment options available to treat diabetes. SGLT-2 inhibitors have recently began to be used in Turkey. In this study, we included 125 patients who were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and used empagliflozin for the treatment, followed up in the Internal Medicine and Endocrinology clinics of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Research and Practice Hospital between 2015 and 2022. We evaluated whether SGLT2 inhibitor treatment had an effect on the lipid profile by comparing the physical examination, clinical and laboratory findings of the patients, and the lipid values after at least 12 weeks of treatment with the values at the beginning of the treatment. We aimed for this study to give an idea about the positive and negative effects of the use of empagliflozin in the treatment of diabetes in our country and to contribute to the literature. Methods: In our study, 125 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were using Empagliflozin for at least 12 weeks and followed up in the Internal Medicine and Endocrinology clinics of our hospital were evaluated retrospectively. The data of the patients were obtained from the Information Management System and patient files. Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Chronic Kidney Disease (GFR <60), Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic liver disease, psychiatric disorder, patients with malignancy, pregnant women and patients who were started on a new drug affecting the lipid profile were not included in the study. Results:125 patients with a diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were included in the study. 51 of the patients were male and 74 were female. The mean age of the patients was 57.5±10.9 years. The mean duration of Diabetes was 8.1±7 years. In the control visit of the patients, mean Total Cholesterol 185±57.1mg/dl (p=0.042), mean LDL Cholesterol 113.3±35.8mg/dl (p=0.002), mean HDL Cholesterol 47.2±13.7mg/dl (p=0.034), mean Triglyceride It was found to be 172.8±111.8mg/dl (p<0.001). The mean HbA1c was 8.9±2.2% at the first visit, 7.6%±1.8% at the control visit (p<0.001). Mean fasting plasma glucose was 202.3±88 mg/dl at the first visit and 158.2±71.9mg/dl at the control visit (p<0.001). vii While the mean Ferritin was 99.3±137.3 ng/mL at the initial visit, the mean Ferritin was 75±86.6 ng/mL at the control visit (p=0.005). Conclusion:According to our study data, empagliflozin contributes positively to the lipid profile, while being effective in glycemic control in the treatment of diabetes. In our study, we found significant decreases in Fasting Plasma Glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile and ferritin levels, which is consistent with the literature. These results reveal that SGLT2 inhibitors can be used easily, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus who have risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and they are agents that can be preferred in terms of cardioprotective effects and weight loss. Key words: SGLT2 inhibitor, type 2 diabetes, Empagliflozin, antidiabetic therapy.