Endoscopic transsphenoidal approach to the third ventricle: An anatomical study

Background and Goal: Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery (ETS) approach is to access and identify anatomical structures safely without damaging the vascular and neural structures adjacent to the third ventricle or lesions located in the center and midline of the cranium. Material&Method: Our study was carried out in Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine Neurosurgery Laboratory. Our cadavers are materials that are kept in 70% alcohol and injected with silicone dye. Anatomical structures were displayed using the Aesculap Full HD Endoscope Unit and 0-30 degree rigid staight and curved telescopes and a professional digital camera (Canon EOS 200D). Results: In specimens, the sellar floor was reached with the ETS approach. Meanwhile, surgery was performed by overcoming neurovascular structures at the skull base, such as the adjacent cavernous sinus, sphenoid sinus, internal carotid arterie s(ICA), pituitary gland, reaching the third ventricle, which is a deep cavity. In this way, anatomical structures were visualized and the boundaries of the surgery performed were defined. Conclusion: By the endoscopic transsphenoidal approach, reaching the deepest anatomical regions from the nasal cavity, which is a natural corridor, with the advances in technology and surgical experiences in the endoscopic approach, can become a standard practice in the future. Key Words: Endoscope, Transsphenoidal, Skull base, Third Ventricle