Andalusian relations with Maghreb and Christianity Spain

The Andalusian was ruled by Celts, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Suevs, Byzantines, and Visigoths before they were conquered by the Muslims. Each of these societies fought with each other, fused and settled with the earlier ones, leaving the traces of deep culture from their existence over time and erased from the stage of history. In the first century after the birth of Islam, Muslims entered the Iberian Peninsula in 711, which they called Andalusia. The Iberian Peninsula witnessed the emergence of a high civilization in Andalusia as the continuation of Eastern Islamic civilization from the year 711, when the first Muslim conquests began. A very important cultural center in Europe, Andalusia served as a bridge between the Christian West and the Islamic East. Islamic civilization, which pioneered Islam in Europe, was able to influence the economic, social and cultural life of the region. The Andalusian civilization that interacts with Europe in the West also constitutes an inseparable whole with North African history. This study aims to present the relations of Andalusia with the Islamic states in North Africa and the Christian States of Spain in cultural, political, social and economic terms.