Efficialy of different light emitting diodes (LEDs) and H2O2 concentration on in vitro germination and growth of industrial hemp

Narlısaray population was used as a plant material with aim to investigate the effects of different hydrogen peroxide concentration (2% and 3%) and LEDs (red, blue, green, orange, white) lights on in vitro germination, growth, and physiological parameters of cannabis seeds. A two-stage sterilization protocol was used using 70% EtOH and 0.1% HgCl2. After the sterilization step, the seeds were treated with 2% and 3% H2O2 (v/v) for 48 to 72 hours. Soaked seeds were placed in MS medium and cultured for approximately one month under different LED lights (white, blue, red, green, and orange-day light). Germination percentage (%), shoot length (cm), fresh weight (g), dry weight of shoots (g) and physiological parameters computed. Apart from these parameters, the changes in proline, DPPH, SOD, POD, total phenol and antioxidant amounts of cannabis were determined followed by statistical analysis. Different LED lights caused a significant change in the in vitro germination percentage of cannabis, the average of fresh and dry weight amounts. However, it was determined that H2O2 ratios used in different ratios caused a significant change in the amount of SOD and antioxidant amounts of cannabis, and did not cause a significant change for other biochemical parameters. Higher amounts of SOD and antioxidants were detected in cannabis where 2% H2O2 was used. While different LED lights did not cause significant changes in the amount of SOD, they caused significant changes in the amounts of proline, DPPH, total phenol, POD and antioxidant. The highest amount of proline and total phenol was recorded under blue LED lights, while the highest amount of DPPH and antioxidant was recorded in white LED lights. The highest amount of POD was seen in red LED lights. The obtained results were then validated by machine learning.