The determination of the operative temperature levels using Er:YAG laser and diode laser supported resective gingival surgery and the clinical and biochemical evaluation of its effect on postoperative inflammation, epitelization and pain

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and determine clinical and biochemical comparison of 3 different methods including Er:YAG laser, diode laser, and conventional techniques commonly used in resective gingival surgeries in terms of preoperative anxiety, postoperative satisfaction, epithelization, gingival temperature, inflammation and pain levels in post-operative healing process. Method: This study was conducted on 32 female, 13 male, a total of 45 individuals (study group patients) with an indication of resective gingival surgery in the anterior region of the maxillar anterior regions and 11 female, 4 men, a total of 15 individuals (negative control group patients) with a healthy gingiva. Clinical periodontal parameters, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) KGF-2 and VEGF-A levels and gingival temperature levels were recorded before the investigation and during operations with 3 different techniques, gingival temperature was measured. Gingival temperature and epithelization levels in 3, 7, 14 and 21 days; GCF KGF-2 and VEGF-A levels in 14 and 21 days and pain levels between 1-7 days of post-operative healing process were evaluated. In addition, preoperative anxiety and postoperative satisfaction were evaluated through questionnaires. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain, postoperative analgesic use amount, patient treatment satisfaction, postoperative gingival temperature, PI, CD, DBI scores (p>0.05). A significant difference was found between the application groups in terms of gingival temperature levels and gingival cooling times during the operation (p <0.001). Conclusion: Depending on the type of laser device used, the temperature values occurring during the operation and the time to return the tissue to normal temperature vary sicnificantly. However, conducting resective gingival surgical procedures using conventional method, Er:YAG laser or diode laser does not cause significant changes in the results of treatment. Keywords: Resective surgery; diode laser; Er:YAG laser; gingival temperature